倒装句分类是哪两大类？
一、倒装句
(一)完全倒装(Full
Inversion)
谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有：
1．表示方式、方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首，且主语是名词时。如：
Southof the river lies a small factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。
Outrushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。
2．such置于句首时。如：Suchwas Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.这就是艾伯特·爱因斯坦，一个朴实的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。
(二)部分倒装(partial Inversion)
只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子叫部分倒装句。有三种：
1．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。如：
Only in this way can we learn English well.
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
使用特点：
(1)在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无助动词，则须找助动词来“帮助”它构成倒装句。如：
(×)Only after the war learned he the sad news.(√)Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
(2)only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。如：
(×)Only when did he retu(√)Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
rn did we find out the truth.
(3)only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。如：
(×)Only can he answer the question.(√)Only he can answer the question.
只有他能回答这个问题。
2．否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under\/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。如：
Neverbefore have I seen such a moving film.＝I have never seen such a moving film before.
Nota single mistake did he make.＝He didn't make a single mistake.他一个错也没犯。
3．七个重要的固定句型：
(1)．..so＋be\/助动词\/情态动词＋主语“……也是如此”。如：
They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.
注：如果句意不是“……也是如此”，而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附加(此时的so＝indeed)，那么，句子不可使用倒装形式。试比较：
A：I was afraid. (句中的I指是说话者A)B：So was I. (I指的是B，此句意为：I was afraid, too.)
A：I was afraid. (I指的是A)B：So you were.(you指的也是A。此句意为：Indeed you were afraid.)
(2)．..neither(或nor)＋be\/助动词\/情态动词＋主语“……也不这样”。如：
Lily can't ride; neither (或nor) can Lucy.莉莉不会骑车，露西也不会。
此句型中的neither(或nor)不可用so...not替代，但可用not...either改写。如：
(×)I have never been abroad. So hasn't he.
(√)I have never been abroad. Neither\/Nor has he.
(√)I have never been abroad. He has never\/not been abroad, either.我没出过国，他也没有。
(3)So＋adj.\/adv....that...\/Such＋adj.＋n....＋that...“如此……以至于……”。如：
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.[来源:Z#xx#k.Com]
注：在这个句型中，so\/such引导的句子要倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装。
(4)Neither...，nor...“……不……，……也不……”。如：
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.我不知道，也不关心。
注：由于neither和nor都是否定词，所以其后面的分句均需倒装。
(5)Not only...，but also...“不仅……而且……”。如：
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗保健服务。
注：此句型也可写成Not only...but...或Not only...but...as well的形式，但but (also)引导的句子必须用正常语序。
(6)Not until...“直到……才……”。如：
Not until he returned did we have supper.直到他回来我们才吃晚饭。
注：这句话可以改写成：We didn't have supper until he returned.再如：
Not until 400 in the morning can he fall asleep.＝He can't fall asleep until 400 in the morning.
如果not until引导的是句子，until从句不可倒装，只是主句需要倒装。
(7)hardly...when...，no sooner...than...“刚……就……”等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装。
Hardly\/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.他一听到这个消息就哭了。
(三)形式倒装(Formal Inversion)
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。这样的结构较多，但尤其要注意as, though引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况。
1．表语的倒装
Tired as\/though he was, he still went on with his work.尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。
2．谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might，he didn't pass the exam.尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。
3．状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。
注：若单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如：Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English
the best.
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